Delhi Assembly Unanimously Approves Anti‑Conversion Bill: What It Means

Why a New Bill Matters in Delhi

Delhi, the capital of India, has long been a melting pot of cultures, languages and faiths. The city’s legislative assembly, which is responsible for making laws that apply to residents and businesses within the National Capital Territory, recently moved a new anti‑conversion bill to the floor. What stands out is that the bill received unanimous support from all 70 members present, an uncommon event in a political arena that often sees sharp divisions. The passage signals a collective stance on religious conversions, but it also raises questions about how this law will interact with existing provisions and the rights of citizens.

From Past Attempts to the Current Draft

Delhi’s journey with anti‑conversion legislation has been punctuated by earlier bills that never reached the stage of being passed. In 2015, the assembly tabled a draft that was rejected by a margin, citing concerns over freedom of religion. The present bill draws inspiration from a similar law enacted in the state of Uttar Pradesh, where a provision requires any person who attempts to convert others by force or inducement to be prosecuted. The Delhi version includes a few changes, such as a clearer definition of “inducement” and a stipulated punishment of up to five years in prison for first‑time offenders.

While the language appears straightforward, the underlying intent has generated debate. Some lawmakers argue that the bill will safeguard vulnerable individuals who may be coerced into changing their faith. Others warn that it could be misused to target minority communities or to stifle inter‑faith dialogue. The fact that every member crossed the floor to vote in favour indicates a shared perception that the law’s safeguards outweigh potential risks.

Key Provisions of the Bill

The bill outlines three main areas:

1. Definition of Conversion and Inducement. The document clarifies that a conversion takes place when a person adopts a religion, either through a formal ceremony or a personal declaration. Inducement is defined as any action that uses financial or material incentives, threats, or social pressure to persuade a person to change faith. The law explicitly excludes voluntary, unaided conversions.

2. Offences and Penalties. Those found guilty of attempting or succeeding in a forced conversion face imprisonment of up to five years and a fine that can reach ₹50,000. The bill also allows for the seizure of any property used to facilitate the conversion, such as a rented hall or a donated vehicle.

3. Role of Law Enforcement. Police officers are instructed to investigate any reported case of forced conversion. The bill sets a 48‑hour window for filing charges once a complaint is lodged. Additionally, it mandates a special court to handle such cases to ensure swift justice.

How the Vote Unfolded

During the assembly session, the speaker presented the bill after a short summary of its background. Members from the ruling party, opposition parties, and independent legislators all spoke in support, citing the need to protect citizens from coercion. The debate was concise; no member raised a formal objection, and no amendment was proposed. The final tally read 70–0, with all members present casting their votes for passage.

One senior member from the opposition remarked, “The law is a reflection of the city’s commitment to uphold individual choices.” Another from the ruling party added, “We have listened to civil society groups who urged us to act. This law is a step towards that.” The unanimous nature of the vote suggests that the bill had already been negotiated extensively behind the scenes, with concessions made to address concerns about religious freedom.

Reactions Across the Spectrum

Reactions have been mixed. The Delhi Hindu Council, representing a large segment of the Hindu community, welcomed the bill, stating that it will deter exploitative practices. Conversely, the Delhi Muslim Association expressed apprehension, arguing that the law could be weaponised against minority conversions. A prominent human rights lawyer warned that the bill might conflict with Article 25 of the Indian Constitution, which guarantees freedom of religion.

On social media, the hashtag #DelhiAntiConversion trended briefly. Many users shared personal stories of forced conversions in the past, while others cautioned against a blanket approach that could criminalise genuine inter‑faith marriages. The central government’s Home Ministry issued a statement expressing support for the law, citing its alignment with national policies on preventing religious conversions by force.

Practical Implications for Delhi Residents

For citizens, the new law will mean that any attempt to coerce a person into changing faith will be met with legal consequences. In practice, this could affect certain social events where large gatherings and religious ceremonies take place. Organisers will need to ensure that no inducements are offered, and that participants are fully aware that their choice is voluntary.

Businesses that cater to religious festivals may also feel the ripple effect. For instance, a wedding planner organising a ceremony that involves a large number of guests might need to verify that no incentives are given to attendees for conversion. Failure to comply could trigger investigations under the new framework.

Will the Law Be Enforced?

Enforcement will rely heavily on the police and the judicial system. The bill’s provision for a 48‑hour window to file charges is intended to keep the process swift. However, the practical challenges of proving coercion or inducement may still arise. Courts will need to scrutinise evidence such as financial records, testimonies, and any documentation that shows a direct link between the conversion attempt and the alleged inducement.

In previous cases across the country, courts have shown reluctance to convict when the evidence is circumstantial. The Delhi law’s emphasis on clear proof aims to mitigate that risk, but the burden of proof will still be on the prosecution. Law enforcement agencies will likely receive training on how to handle these cases sensitively, ensuring that the law does not inadvertently target legitimate religious practices.

Future Outlook

Looking ahead, the bill could set a precedent for other Union Territories or states. If the Delhi model proves effective and does not spark significant civil unrest, it may inspire lawmakers elsewhere to adopt similar measures. On the other hand, if the bill is perceived as overreaching, it could prompt a nationwide debate on balancing religious freedom with protection against coercion.

For now, the legislative assembly has laid down a framework. The real test will come when the law is applied to actual cases. Observers will be watching how courts interpret the definitions, how police handle complaints, and whether the law achieves its stated goal of safeguarding individual choice without infringing on constitutional rights.